Mahayana school of thought founded by Indian masters Maitreyanatha, Asanga, and Vasubandhu (5th century C.E.) in which the central notion is that all experiences are 'mind-only,' i.e., outside the knowing process, there is no reality; thus the world is a construct of the mind.

Of the five traditional schools ('houses') of Cha--Tientai, Huayan, Fayen, Linji, and Caodong--only the latter two still exist. These two correspond to the Rinzai and Soto sects of Zen.

The three-fold aspect of suffering is expounded in the Visuddimagga (The Path of Purification, by Buddhagosa (5th century C.E.)

Samsara is the cycle of birth and death that sentient beings transmigrate through, and is associated in Buddhism with nirvana, the state of transcendence from samsara.

Sanskrit: trishna, Pali: tanha, literally 'thirst,' 'grasping,' 'craving.'